Mesopotamia & Sumer (history)

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Mesopotamia & Sumer



     Mesopotamia, a place between river and land. There was a place between Iraq, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia called “Mesopotamia.” There was a group of people called “Sumer” who decided to build a city between rivers. The first settlers of the city did not speak Greek. They spoke another language that is similar to what people in the middle east speak today.

    The city was believed to be the beginning of civilization by some historians. One of the oldest cities ever built. There was a mountain that created the river around the city. It gave the city the ability to grow crops and sustain life. As time grew they developed technology we use today. They developed writing, wheel, and plow. Writing became useful because it allowed them to write instructions down to build things. It also allowed them to remember things they wanted to remember. Writing gave them the ability to teach their children knowledge that could help them do some form of job. It was easier to teach instructions written down to make things go a certain way.

     People in the city all spoke the same language and believed in the same religion. The city was divided into 7 states of leadership. The leadership back then was known as kings. Each king was in command of an army and needed a strong army to fight against the other kings. Each King also commanded 1 of the 7 states in the city. The kings were constantly fighting over the river. They couldn’t seem to get along with one another despite believing in the same religion. They let greed take over what mattered for the giant city. The river was power back in ancient times.

     The civilization started about 5,500 years ago. After many civil wars in the city, it was united by one ruler who wanted it all. The people then started using another language called Semitic Akkadian. After about 2,000 more years, the traditional Sumerian language was abandoned. After a few more thousand years, the city fell apart due to some mountain tribes invading. The tribes took portions of the land and after a few years the city became abandoned.






Reference:

(2018). Ancient Mesopotamia. Retrieved from URL: https://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1525827.     


Hill, Bryan. (2015, June 07). The Rise and Fall of Sumer and Akkad. Retrieved from URL: http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/rise-and-fall-sumer-and-akkad-003192.