Jingshan Garden (history)

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Jingshan Garden

Jingshan Park, a park located near Xicheng District of Beijing, China. The park was once a royal resting area and training ground. The garden became a park. The park is about 23 hectares in length. The previous garden had a perfect view to the Forbidden City in ancient times. The Forbidden City contained a palace for the Ming Dynasty emperors. The park was a educational ground for royal children. Children would learn education about religion, opera, and agriculture. Groomed to learn how the world runs. Education was given from the Chinese perspective.

The park was once a beautiful paradise filled with interesting things. There were rare animals placed in the area. Trees planted and some of the trees bore fruit. Emperors, children, and women from royal families would spend their days talking in the garden. It was a peaceful place. Not a place where emperors would battle each other for power. There was never war at Jingshan Garden. It was always a place for spiritual guidance and peace. Sometimes, participants would practice worship to Chinese gods.

What can you see when visiting Jingshan Garden today? The garden has been turned into a commercial park. People travel there from time to time. You will see historical events that happened many years ago. Emperor Chongzhen's suicide Spot is available to be seen. 
In 1644, there was a peasant rebellion connected to Emperor Chongzhen's suicide. The rebellion defeated Emperor Chongzhen and the emperor decided to run to the park. Feeling defeat, he felt his only way out of shame was to commit suicide. He could not accept defeat and he could not accept the concept that he failed his kingdom. He hung himself. The body stood there for about 480 years. One day, someone cut his body down and turned the place into a park.

Reference: 

(2018). Beijing Jingshan Park. Retrieved from URL: http://www.visitourchina.com/beijing/attraction/beijing-jingshan-park.html.

Erhai Lake (history)

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Erhai Lake

Erhai Lake, the second highest lake in China. Dinanchi Lake is the first. The lake has historical fishing villages and temples. The lake is mostly filled with water and fish. Temples are located on islands. The islands are very small. Some Islands look exactly like the island from the Dragonball TV series. Temples are located all over the lake. Some temples that take up 3/4 of a island. People near the lake, use fishing and bikes to tour the area. The area size of the lake is 250 square kilometers. The lake is free to anyone who chooses to use it.

The smallest island in Erhai Lake is Little Putuo. There is a temple there. The temple is called Little Putuo Temple. The temple was built in the 15^th century. Climbing to the top of the temple will give you a bird’s eye view of the entire lake. You will see the lake's beautiful colors, and temples located on other islands.

The Golden Shuttle Island is also on Erhai Lake. Filled with 200 Bai households with people who choose to stay there. The households hold local food with a unique taste. You can visit the island today and walk around to eat the local food. You will need a few bucks of course. The locals will probably not want to give food away. In addition, there are caverns located on Golden Shuttle Island. One of them is called Jade Dragon Palace. The Jade Emperor use to stay there. The emperor is believed by some to be the strongest emperor in China. This information is based on Chinese folklore.  

Cai Villiage exists around Erhai Lake. The village use to be an old fishing village. The village mainly sells fish, but there are restaurants nearby for new tourists who have different pleasures. Cai Village is famous in Dali. The village has 100 guest houses and 20 restaurants. The number might not be impressive to some, but the village has been around for a long time. Many locals and tourist travel there. They love spending their time there.

Reference:

(2017). Erhai Lake, Dali. Retrieved from URL: http://wondersofyunnan.com/destinations/yunnan/popular-attractions/erhai-lake-dali. 

(2018). Erhai Lake. Retrieved from URL: https://www.chinahighlights.com/dali/attraction/the-scenery-of-erhai-lake.htm.

Lugu Lakes (history)

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Lugu Lakes

Lugu Lakes, lakes surrounded by grass, islands, sand, villages, and mountains. Some people believe the lake is “the mother of all women." It is called this due to the fossils that are found around the lake. The fossils are connected to the many tribes like the Mosuo Tribe, Norzu Tribe, Yi Tribe, Pumi Tribe, and Tibetan Tribe. The Tibetan Tribe is still living in Asia today. The name has been commonly changed to Tibets. People refer to them as Tibets or Tibetans now. They are not a tribe now and are located in China. Some Tibets do not consider themselves Chinese due to the ruler of Tibet not claiming to be part of China. The Chinese government still considers Tibet to be part of China.

Lugo Lake is shaped like a horseshoe. The islands around the lake are small and tightly curved. The lake looks very beautiful at a distance and at close range. The area has beautiful mountain vegetation, grasslands, flowers, trees, and lakes. The lake has 6 islands that surround it. Each island is independent. It also has 4 peninsulas and 17 sandbanks. The lake is very huge and great for tourist looking to escape from daily life.

The Marriage Bridge, a romantic tourist attraction, a place that many claim to spark a new love interest in those who walk it. The color of the bridge is light brown and faded yellow. Sometimes, the bridge looks red at Sun set. The bridge is also the location of the Mosou’s tribe. The tribe would often spend time kissing on the bridge. The young women would dance on the bridge at nightfall. Men interested in meeting a woman would talk to one of them. The event happened around the year. Many women were taken and many women lost their pureness. The bridge is 300 meters long. You can walk on the bridge at any time, but some say the best time is at night. That is when you are able to see the moon light glow on the wood and feel the love spark in the air.

Reference:

(2018). Why Visit Lugu Lake. Retrieved from URL: https://www.chinadiscovery.com/yunnan/lijiang/lugu-lake.html.

Stone Forest (history)

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Stone Forest

Stone Forest, a forest that has a bunch of stones. The stones do not look like normal stones and are placed in positions similar to trees. Locals call them stone trees. The forest is located in Shilin, China. There are many stones in the forest and are spreaded out with paths. Each stone strangely looks like a tree. Carved to resemble a tree by something or someone. The structure could have been created by an ancient civilization but there is no evidence. Some stones are not short. Some can be tall as 20 feet or higher. Locals near by consider the stones to be mini mountains and stone trees.

The name first appeared in a poem. The poem was titled “Ask Heaven." The poet was from 300 B.C. A poet named Qu Yuan questioned the existence of the stone forest in the poem. He must of saw the forest himself, or heard a tale of the stone forest from a traveler.

In the 17^th century, adventurers from Ming Dynasty and Ling Dynasty traveled to the Stone Forest to seek beauty. Some scholars also wanted to visit the forest. There was something interesting about a forest that had stone trees. After a couple of months, more poems were written about the forest. Some would write songs about the forest. No one knew where the forest came from, but the forest was like a vacation spot to people who went there. It was a beautiful place and people felt some sort of spirit there.

Paul Vial, French Missionary, went to China to visit the Stone Forest. He was the first person from the west that visited the Stone Forest. This event occurred between the 19^th or 20^th century. He lived in the Shilin area for 20 years while he visited. His additional goal was to spread the word of God. He wrote a journal that recorded the details of the forest. The journal was written in French language. Many years later in 1960, a Hungarian scholar named Balazs decided to study the forest. He would be the second person from the west to see the stone forest.

Reference:

(2012). History of the Stone Forest. Retrieved from URL: http://www.chinastoneforest.com/showArticle.aspx?cid=246&aid=5216.

Jiuzhaigou Forest (history)

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Jiuzhaigou Forest

Jiuzhaigou, a forest that looks like a fantasy world. A world that should only exist in someone’s mind. Trees are colored pink and some of the grass is colored purple. Trees and bushes are given many colors from the rainbow spectrum. Lakes and waterfalls of Jiuzhaigou look very magical and glow with a strange light. The bottom of these lakes, have a light green sand color that can be seen from the surface. Sand is normally a brown color. Everything in the forest is filled with fantasy colors. The normal colors you expect from a forest is not found at Jiuzhaigou forest. 

The forest holds nine Tibet villages. The Tibets believe in Buddhism. A religion that believes in mediation for the mind and training the body. The religion does not require people to get married. It wants people to reach a higher level of consciousness. Tibets believe that the mind is weak and needs disciplined to be kept in control. Tibets also believe in being happy no matter the situation. There are some temples located on high altitudes. One could have a good vantage point for waterfalls or forest attractions if they stood on the steps of one.

The name origin comes from a legend involving a woman. A female god dropped something in a forest. She dropped a mirror and the mirror broke into 108 pieces. The pieces turned into lakes that had a strange color. The colors were not typical for a lake. To make the legend stranger, each lake has a separate mythical story behind it.

The population of Jiuzhaigou is very small. There are about 1,000 people living in the Tibet temples. Early signs of humanity date back to 11^th-16th century B.C. The Tibet villages were cut off from the rest of China. One day, a group of log cutters found them in the 1970s. The loggers manage to find them by accident. Ever since that one event, people from China and abroad came to visit the temples. They wanted to see the temples and what else was there. The temples in Jiuzhaigou and the forest became famous after that.

Reference:

(2017, July 21). Jiuzhaigou Facts, Culture & Custom. Retrieved from URL: https://www.3rdpoletour.com/jiuzhaigou-travel-guide/fact.html.

Forbidden City

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Forbidden City

Forbidden City, the last city of China's emperors. China had 24 emperors at that city. The city is considered by Chinese locals to be the heart of China. The city is colored in red, orange, light yellow, grey, and brown. The city was constructed back in 1420. Some people think it is the largest palace in the world. The palace started during the Ming Dynasty. The palace is very well preserved and is still stands. The palace holds hundreds of Chinese art and culture. It is the perfect place for the capital of China. However, the government of China decided to not make Forbidden City the capital. The capital of China is Beijing. The Forbidden City is located in Beijing, China.

Forbidden City is considered one of the largest palaces in the world. If you visit the city, you will see government quarters, valuable artworks, and traditional gardens. You will need about 3 hours to view the entire city or see a good portion of it. The city is big enough to fit a small army.

The city took 14 years to build. 1,000,000 workers were needed to build it. 100,000 craftsmen were used to help design the city. The city is about 492 years old. It has been around for a long time. 24 emperors used the city when it was alive. Emperors from Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty stayed there. The city area covers 38 acres of land and has 900 buildings with ancient Chinese designs. The buildings have a total number of 8,700 rooms. The city has a length of 961 meters and a width of 753 meters. A 10 foot wall surrounds the city. The city also has a moat surrounding it. The moat is 52 meters wide.

In current times, the city is a tourist attraction. Forbidden City is very popular in 2018. Almost 14 million people visit the city each year. About 80,000 people visit the city daily. The structure is a beautiful work of Chinese art that still looks intact. 

Reference:

Tang, Cindy. (2018, Aug. 01). The Forbidden City — Citadel of China’s Last 24 Emperors. Retrieved from URL: https://www.chinahighlights.com/beijing/forbidden-city/.

DNA-Human Biology (science)(history)

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DNA-Human Biology

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid or a blueprint for human cells and brain. To dig deeper into what DNA is, DNA is a map for building cells and telling cells what to do. A single strand of DNA can tell you how each part is made and created. It is a code for creating a species or telling the history of a species. It can even tell you who the ancestor or parent is. The process for obtaining this information is complicated, so only scientists can withdraw this particular information for the public to view.

DNA is found in all animals and plants. A code that is spread from species to species. Each plant and animal DNA structure is not entirely the same. Each DNA strand is slightly different or greatly different. DNA will show similarities between animals and plant kingdoms. Each DNA found on Earth, comes from one source of DNA or cell. Scientific tests and experiments have come up with a theory that supports this. This theory is not 100% proven by scientists around the world, but it is strongly believed to be the base truth in the world today.

Now, there are some who believe that DNA is a blueprint for the soul. There is no clear evidence to support this theory in the year 2018. But, there are some who believe that violence genes are passed from generation to generation. Some believe it comes from ancestors being involved in violent situations. However, a science writer named Claire Ainsworth believes that your actions are decided by your choice. You have a choice in how you choose to act. The choice is always your hands. Claire thinks people put too much focus on genetics and not much focus on choices made. The question is still being debated in 2018, and no full evidence has been shown to support DNA being the blueprint for the human soul. It is a myth at this point. 

Reference:

(2014). DNA Is a Structure That Encodes Biological Information. Retrieved from URL: https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/dna-is-a-structure-that-encodes-biological-6493050. 

Ainsworth, Claire. (2015, June 10). DNA is life’s blueprint? No, there’s far more to it than that. Retrieved from URL: https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630251-000-dna-is-lifes-blueprint-no-theres-far-more-to-it-than-that/. 

Right Triangles (history)(science)

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Right Triangles

Right triangle, a triangle that has a degrees of 90. The angle of this triangle has a C to the power of 2 set to 90 degrees. The angle is always facing up and to the left or right. Looks similar to an angle on a Christian cross stick. The triangle will always have 3 sides. The triangle can be facing left or right. It can even be facing diagonal if it has a 90 degree angle. The right triangle is always at 90 degrees. The triangle is also a 3-sided polygon because it is a 2 dimensional figure and is closed sided.

The reason it is called the “right triangle” is because the angle is opposite of the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse is the side that connects point A and point B. The degree of the hypotenuse is 180 degrees. The line for the hypotenuse is always straight. The hypotenuse is always on the right triangle.

The right triangle follows the A^2+B^2=C^2 formula. It is a formula that is used to determine the length of the hypotenuse. The longest side on the triangle. This formula is often used in Geometry and in Algebra classes. It is designed to show students how to figure out the length of a 3 sided polygon. There are different formulas used in math to determine the area of a triangle and sometimes used to determine the angle of a triangle.

The concept of the right triangle started in 3000 BC in Egypt. Egyptians would use the right triangle to measure the length of things. They would get ropes and tie them in a right triangle. Then, they would put knots on the ropes to determine how long and far they needed to go. They used this to build temples and inside structures. They would count the rope knots to get a number of measurement.

Reference:

(2018). Geometry Facts. Retrieved from URL: http://www.kidsmathgamesonline.com/facts/geometry/triangles.html.  

(2018). Right Triangles (p. 1-7). Retrieved from https://www.radford.edu/~wacase/Math%20135%20Pythagorean%20Theorem.pdf.

3 Upcoming Big Music Events in 2018 (business advertisement)(travel)

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3 Upcoming Big Music Events in 2018

l Burning Man 2018

Burning Man, a once a year event in the desert night. Artist from all over the United States gather in one place to celebrate. A night full of artistic people and rock city elements. Celebrate in the Black Rock City. A city made of people who are dedicated to art, self-reliance, and self-expression. The city is located in Black Rock Desert, Nevada. Its not a usual place for a party. It's a metropolis generated by people who come to the event yearly. The event has been going on since 2013.

The Burning Man is designed to connect people to their creativity. Create a new society that is civilized and artistic. Create a form of nature that exist beyond the society you see on television. Experience the feel of a burning man to see a positive light. Experience something to remind you of what you are suppose to think. See the burn that could make your life more interesting. Sometimes, you need to burn to become something better. Burn the part of you that wants to be more then a worker. You need to burn and free yourself from things that do not make you human. Experience sounds and music from different types of artist. View website for ticket details.

l Tomorrowland 2018

Tomorrowland, a music festival with electronic artist. A music event and fantasy event. You will see fantasy structures and fantasy fashion. Experience a once in a life time moment to a Final Fantasy event with EDM artist. Escape to electrical music on various stages of music. You will hear all types of music from new to old. Create memories that will last a life time. See a fantasy event that will stay with you in your dreams. View website for ticket details.

l Lollapalooza 2018

Lollapalooza, will showcase famous singers and rappers from different music genres. For the next event in 2018, you will see over 200 music acts. You will see famous musicians and you will see guest musicians who work for famous musicians. You might see some average music performers as well. Experience different sounds and hear live music. Watch the singers and rappers you love to hear on Youtube.

During the Lollapalooza event, you will be staying somewhere nearby for 4 days. You see some alternative rock groups and vet musicians walking around the park area. The event involves you to travel around the Grand Park at times to see the music events happening at the same time. Walk with your friends and walk around the whole park. Take your time to enjoy nature while enjoying what else is at the park. It's a big event full of many people looking to get drunk and party. Party with the trees and the beer. Spend four days with your friends and take a break from work. You have been working hard all year and you deserve a real break. Enjoy life a little bit longer this time and come down to Lollapalooza in the future. View tickets for more details.

Reference:

https://burningman.org/event/ 

https://tickets.burningman.org/ 

https://www.tomorrowland.com/en/unite/welcome 

https://www.viagogo.com/Festival-Tickets/Festivals-in-Belgium/Tomorrowland-Tickets 

http://wgntv.com/2018/03/21/lollapalooza-2018-official-lineup-revealed/ 

https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/lollapalooza-2018-jack-white-bruno-mars-weeknd-lead-lineup-w518176 

https://consequenceofsound.net/2017/08/lollapalooza-2017-festival-review-from-worst-to-best/

15th Century Castle is Being Rebuilt in France (travel advertisement)(history)

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Pictures French Chateau is now selling for $61.56. The pictures represent the ancient country side of France. Filled with castles and large green pastures. Some off the picture include the 15th Century castle which is located in the Dordogne region of France. The second World War has destroyed the castle however. The castle needs some repairs and people have decided to raise $618,095.94 to rebuild the structure. The Daily Star reports that $187,341 has been raised to rebuild the ancient French castle.

Visit High Class Hotel Royal Rivera (hotel advertisement)(history)

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Hotel Royal Rivera is a great hotel and a member of Leading Hotels of the World. The hotel was use in a film called "Dirty Rotten Scoundrels." The hotel has a sophisticated pool with a tropical garden. The hotel also includes a path that leads to waterfront of the St-Jean-Cap-Ferrat peninsula. A beautiful location for visitors to visit who want a nice walk in the park. It has a bar decorated with dark wood and has a beautiful spa.

Atlantis, The Ancient Future City (Literature)(history)(philosophy)

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Minoans



     Minoans, a civilization that appears to be from a  mythical city called “Atlantis (Muck, 1976).” Atlantis, a city with highly advanced technology and people speaking multiple languages. The languages according to legend,  are the origin of all human language (1999-2008). Greek philosopher Plato, believes the civilization was ahead of other ancient civilizations on Earth. Some people believe the civilization had futuristic technology that is not suppose to exist (1999-2008). Time travel may have been used to explain the strange circumstance but there is not enough evidence. The city is located somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean according to the legend.

    The society was very strong and very intelligent. They were able to build things beyond imagination (1999-2008). The Minoans might have had access to machines during those times (1999-2008). In the beginning, the society had divine nature and body forms with God like powers (1999-2008). The people flew in the air and they move things with their minds. Years later, the society drew away from its God self into a human self (1999-2008). Their forms changed into something less powerful and human like (1999-2008). The reason for this occurrence is unknown. The legend claims they use to be Gods or some super powerful being.

     They wanted a society that was free from pain and suffering (1999-2008). The Minioan art told stories of the society wanting perfection and peace (1999-2008). They had peace, wealth, and strong intelligence to solve any problem (1999-2008). The society got rid of problems most humans face today. But one day, they forgot the divine morals. It brought them to their end (1999-2008). There is more to this story but it's not known in the year 2018.

     What happen to the society? According to Plato, Gods destroyed Atlantis and made them disappear from Earth. This theory, is not proven and based on rumors. Archaeologist Otto Muck, claim the civilization was destroyed by a giant meteor. The rock caused a giant wave to hit the city (Muck, 1976). Another theory claims they fell due to giant earthquakes in Atlantis. The truth of their downfall is unknown. All we have to go on at this time is pictures. Maybe the truth will be found about Atlantis and maybe it won't.









Reference:



Luis, Movellan Mireia. (2018). Rise and Fall of the Mighty Minoans. Retrieved from URL:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/09-10/Minoan_Crete/.

Muck, Otto. (1976). Minoans Civilizations and Atlantis. Retrieved from URL: http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/waymac/History%20A/A%20Term%202/3.%20%20Ancient%20Classical%20Greece/Atlantis.htm.

(1999-2008). The Minoans and the Ancient Legend. Retrieved from URL: http://www.historywiz.com/minoansatlantis.html.

What is New Criticism (History)(philosophy)

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In the 20th century, academic writing groups came up with the idea of New Criticism to stress a theory (2018). The theory was connected to literature and what was written (2018). The theory is mainly about treating literature as the only evidence you need and doing no research outside the article (2018). Everything that is needed to understand what is being said is written on the article or document itself. New Critics during the 201th century came up with this theory by believing that literature is something that is written on a document (2018). One does not need to look for outside information about the document because the document contained all the necessary data needed. New Critics believed that literature should be judged based on what is being said.

Buddhism (History)

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Buddhism



     Buddhism, the religion is a descendant of Hinduism religion. A young man was reading a Sanskrit in India. He decided to take one of the stories inside the Sanskrit to heart. He would spend a lot of time reading the book and try to explain the concepts of the story.

     Some people noticed what he was doing and decided to follow him. They became followers of the man who preached things from a story. They would all beg for food when food ran out. The group became a group of monks. The monks decided to live a life being alone and silent. One day, the young man who lead the group decided to starve himself for days to find an answer for the meaning of life.

     He would spend time meditating under a tree until he figured out the meaning of life. There was something he felt he had to answer and assumed that starving will lead him to answer. He spent many hours and nights thinking. Trying to come up with the best principles and practices for Buddhist disciples. After about three days and nearly dying, he came up with the answers he was looking for.

There were practices and principles being taught to the disciples. The disciples then turned them into a book and the book turned into a religion called “Buddhism.” A religion about meditating and being silent to find oneself in a world that makes no sense.

    The Buddhism group was divided by different leaders and new philosophy was added to the religion for many years. New thoughts were being added and the concept of salvation was being added to the religion as well. The principles were expanded over time and as people thought about it more the principles became longer. The core belief of Buddhism is to realize that it is all in your mind and that you a part of something bigger then your self. Also, spending time alone meditating will not kill you but allow you to tap into who you really are.





Reference:


https://www.britannica.com/topic/Buddhism

Catholic Mass (religion)(history)

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Catholic Mass





     The mass, a place where Christian and Catholic followers come to worship in large numbers. Called the Central Mass by some Catholics. The Mass is also filled with people who want to help others. The mass represents a group of Catholics sticking together, but it is also a connection to people who need help.

     The Mass is supposed to remind people of what Jesus did for its people. It is a place to celebrate the sacrifice of Jesus. A man who died for the sins of the entire world according to the Holy Bible. Every man can be forgiven according to the Catholic religion if they ask Jesus for forgiveness. People from all over the world gather to celebrate and discuss Jesus's sacrifice.

     Catholic Mass is celebrated a few times a month. It is celebrated on certain week days and on Sundays. There are some who believe that God attends every Mass event. He attends the event to ensure the people do not forget the things he did. There are many people who come to the Catholic Mass looking for a sign. A sign from God or his son.

     There are Catholic Mass events in the local church and in big open areas. It was once required by the Romans to attend a Catholic Mass once a week on Sunday. In a way, you can call a mass a basic church gathering. Not all mass events occur in a church areas now. They can be celebrated wherever the government allows it.

     The Mass is suppose to also represent the devotion to the master. You are supposed to abide by the rules that were set forth and realize that you need to show love to people. One who shows up to a Mass and does not abide by the religion rules is someone who has failed the master in life. Failed the teaching of God and Christ. They are not welcomed in the Kingdom of God as a result. Don’t just show up to a Mass if you believe in the faith. Be one with it and abide by the rules.







Reference:

https://www.catholiceducation.org/en/culture/catholic-contributions/the-mass-explained.html

https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/catholics-attending-mass-gallup-study_us_5acd082ae4b06a6aac8c7506

Key Words (Literature)(history)

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Key Words



     Keywords, the core component of written content (2018). They are the main topic of the content. In the SEO terms, they are the words that the person enters into a website search box (2018). Another name for key words is “Query (2018).” Query concepts are often used with mobile phones. Each time someone types something into the mobile search box it is called a “query.”

     Keywords are a key role in society. Keywords provide people with specific content online (2018). The keyword or words must connect people with the right form of content. Keywords are tested by query employees to make sure the keywords match people’s responses correctly.

     People who want to attract customers to a website or store will often use keywords (2018). Using certain keywords will allow other people to see your content. You must use the appropriate keywords in order to get people to find you directly. Using any keywords will not attract visitors. You must use keywords that are connected to the language of what they want. The key word you use must be up to date and complete the need of the person searching for something.

     The origin of “keywords” are unknown. However, the definition of the word key means to move in chess or crucially important to a goal (2018). In other words, keywords are keys that open doors to information that is hard to find unless you know the right keyword. If you think deep enough on this, there is some information on the web that is extremely hard to find unless you know the right “keyword.”





Reference:

(2018). What Are Keywords? Retrieved from URL: https://moz.com/learn/seo/what-are-keywords.

(2018). Key (adj.). Retrieved from URL: https://www.etymonline.com/word/key.

Leaders of the Catholic Church (religion)(history)

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Leaders of the Catholic Church



     The Catholic Church is divided into different leaders. The leaders are composed of deacons, clergy, priests, and bishops. The leadership is designed to inspire other members of the church to join. It will also inspire members of the church to do better and be better. The church wants to set an example and inspire people to be something that is spiritually better. Church is supposed to help people spiritually to give the soul the spiritual energy it deserves. Designed to lift people up and help people in their time of need. The church is suppose to help people spiritually and mentally.

     The bishop, is the highest level among the Catholic Church. He has the authority to give orders from the holy orders and priest orders. He guides the rest of the church accordingly. Speaks the testaments and tries to make sure everybody abides by them. He can preach to anybody in the church.

      Priest, instructed to help the bishop complete holy orders. Most of the orders given would often include teaching the word of God to the people. Priest, do not have the authority to give holy orders. They only have authority to give priestly orders. They must work for the bishops in command. Priests are not allowed to go against the bishop orders. They are sworn to follow the hierarchy of authority to the letter. They can not question the holy orders given by the bishops. They must only follow them and teach people the words of God.

     Deacons, are people who assist the church and bishops. They are not allowed to give orders or preach the sacred holy texts. They are allowed to preach to the people. They usually have jobs outside of the church. They do things that the church needs like cleaning or handing things out. They are the housemaids for the church. Their job is to make sure things look good and get things passed around the church.





Reference:



http://www.patheos.com/library/roman-catholicism/ethics-morality-community/leadershipclergy

https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-francis-effect-the-lessons-of-collaborative-leadership-in-the-catholic-church

Life and Death in Egypt (history)(religion)

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Life and Death in Egypt (Prehistoric to AD500)



     The Egyptians believed in immortality. Immortality, is the belief that you can live forever. You will never die and there is nothing that can kill you. Egyptians saw life as a temporary stop to the eternal life. The life you have in the real world is not the only life you have. It is a life where you must do certain things to have access to the next life. The next life is available, but a sacrifice must be made. Egyptians believed that life was a big test for the next life.

     According to the Egyptian religion, after one dies they are judged on their deeds and gold. At the time of judgment, a man or woman is judged by 42 Egyptian Gods. There are two interpretations of how someone is going to be judged after death. One interpretation, someone will be judged by Anubis with their heart. Their heart will be put on a weight balance scale. If the heart is heavier then a feather, it will be cut. The person will then go to the underworld forever.

     The other interpretation, states that one will be judged based on a feather and how much gold they have to offer. If they offer a lot of gold and their a bad person, they can still get away with their crime. The gold amount has to out weigh their bad deeds in life. In life, one has the ability to perform bad deeds and good deeds. Good deeds and gold have to outweigh the feather.

     A poor person who does not have enough good deeds or gold, will be sent to the underworld for eternity. You can buy your way into Egyptian heaven. But, you have to be buried with the gold according to the Egyptian religion. Then, you will have the ability to give gold to Anubis. Anubis, the Egyptian God of judgment, will decide if your heart will get crushed or saved. If a person was to pass the afterlife test, they would become one with Osiris. Osiris is the creator of man and all living things. The individual will then travel on a boat to reach Egyptian heaven. Once they reach, they will live there forever and be happy.







Reference:



(2018). Life After Death. Retrieved from URL: https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/egypt/egcr04e.shtml.

Making Predictions (philosophy)(literature)

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Making Predictions



     Predictions, something you assume because of something you know or think. You say something that you think will happen in the future. To predict is to guess what the future is. Predictions are made in the present moment or past. You can make basic predictions when reading a book. You do this by reading a few pages and then think of an outcome that might happen based on what you have read so far. Most predictions are made on what you know, but sometimes they are random guesses based on nothing.

      How can one predict their own future? Well, most of us believe that we can not predict our future. Most of us, think the future will be negative. Thinking something bad will happen in the future no matter what we choose to do. That mindset comes from having principles or beliefs that are aligned with life being negative in some way. In order to make predictions correctly, one must first think positive first.

     Then you need to take a look at all the possibilities you have in life. You take the possibilities you have in life that lead to success. Then, you start making statements about those possibilities. Make statements about what you can do and want to do. Last, you do things to make your prediction s come true.

     See if you get the results you predict. If you do not get any results, then you need to figure out what you are doing wrong. There might be a missing piece to the puzzle or you might predict something that is not possible. What you predict must be something that is possible. Possible is something that is within reach today or once you achieve something.







Reference:


Wilson, Kara. (2018). How to Make Predictions Based on Information from a Reading Selection. Retrieved from URL: https://study.com/academy/lesson/how-to-make-predictions-based-on-information-from-a-reading-selection.html.

Aguirre, Anthony. (2016, Jan. 24). Predicting the Future (of Life). Retrieved from URL: https://futureoflife.org/2016/01/24/predicting-the-future-of-life/.

Mary Magdalene (history)(religion)

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Mary Magdalene



     Mary Magdalene, is a woman who is known in the biblical times as a whore. She had a taste for lying with other men. Known by many to sin multiple times with other men. Jesus saw her for her faults and decided to forgive her. He treated her desire for lust as something that could be forgiven. He would also spend large amounts of time with her.

     According to ancient Hebrew texts that were not edited for modern society, Jesus was having sexual encounters with Mary Magdalene. In the New Testament of the Bible, there were mentions of Jesus spending time with Mary Magdalene. There were many“Marys” being mentioned in the bible, so it is hard to know which was which. Mary Magdalene was favored by Jesus. She was also known throughout the land to be a sexual partner to Jesus.

     There are many paintings of her throughout the world. Showing pictures of her nudity. There was one sculpture drawn in 1800’s of her repenting in the dessert for her sins. She became popular with artists during the 1500’s-1800’s. Artist would often dress her in fancy clothing to express the fancy perfume that she wore during that time. Most of the time you would see a painting of her dressed in a shade of red which would indicate she like wearing some shade of red.

     Mary Magdalene was also a witness to Jesus Crucifixion. She was there on the day Jesus was nailed to the cross. She saw what happened when the Romans killed Jesus.

    She is considered a saint in modern times. Having been redeemed for her sins and asking for forgiveness. The Christian community has accepted Mary as one of their own. She was a prostitute in biblical times but she has decided to make up for her sins and become better.







Reference:



https://www.biography.com/people/mary-magdalene-9401421

http://www.nazarenus.com/3-2-magdalene.htm

Mesopotamia & Sumer (history)

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Mesopotamia & Sumer



     Mesopotamia, a place between river and land. There was a place between Iraq, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia called “Mesopotamia.” There was a group of people called “Sumer” who decided to build a city between rivers. The first settlers of the city did not speak Greek. They spoke another language that is similar to what people in the middle east speak today.

    The city was believed to be the beginning of civilization by some historians. One of the oldest cities ever built. There was a mountain that created the river around the city. It gave the city the ability to grow crops and sustain life. As time grew they developed technology we use today. They developed writing, wheel, and plow. Writing became useful because it allowed them to write instructions down to build things. It also allowed them to remember things they wanted to remember. Writing gave them the ability to teach their children knowledge that could help them do some form of job. It was easier to teach instructions written down to make things go a certain way.

     People in the city all spoke the same language and believed in the same religion. The city was divided into 7 states of leadership. The leadership back then was known as kings. Each king was in command of an army and needed a strong army to fight against the other kings. Each King also commanded 1 of the 7 states in the city. The kings were constantly fighting over the river. They couldn’t seem to get along with one another despite believing in the same religion. They let greed take over what mattered for the giant city. The river was power back in ancient times.

     The civilization started about 5,500 years ago. After many civil wars in the city, it was united by one ruler who wanted it all. The people then started using another language called Semitic Akkadian. After about 2,000 more years, the traditional Sumerian language was abandoned. After a few more thousand years, the city fell apart due to some mountain tribes invading. The tribes took portions of the land and after a few years the city became abandoned.






Reference:

(2018). Ancient Mesopotamia. Retrieved from URL: https://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1525827.     


Hill, Bryan. (2015, June 07). The Rise and Fall of Sumer and Akkad. Retrieved from URL: http://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/rise-and-fall-sumer-and-akkad-003192.

Minoans (history)

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Minoans



     Minoans, the civilization that some call the mythical city of“Atlantis.” Atlantis, told by a Greek philosopher named Plato to be the civilization that is more advanced then the rest of the world. The civilization was ahead of its time. Some believe the civilization was humans with futuristic technology.

     Women in the Minoan culture was valued equally to men. The society was very strong and very intelligent to build things beyond imagination. Minoans might have had machines during those times. In the beginning, The society had a divine nature and had forms of God like powers. After years, the society drew away from its God self into a human self. Their forms changed into something less powerful and human like. The reason for this occurrence is unknown. The images shown in the art, show the people of Minoan culture living in peace.

      They wanted a society that was free from pain and suffering. The society seemed perfect as told through the Minoan art. They had peace, wealth, and strong intelligence to solve any problem. The society got rid of a lot of problems humans face in 2018. Machines that shouldn’t have existed was also in their hands. But one day, their forget fullness of the divine brought them to their end.

      What happen to the society? According to Plato, the Gods destroyed Atlantis and made them disappear from the Earth. This theory, is not proven and based on rumors. According to archaeologist Otto Muck, the civilization was destroyed by a giant meteor. The rock caused a giant wave to flood the city. There was theory that claimed it fell do to a giant earthquake in Atlantis. The truth of their downfall, is unknown and all we have to go on is pictures with little evidence.





Reference:



Luis, Movellan Mireia. (2018). Rise and Fall of the Mighty Minoans. Retrieved from URL:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/archaeology-and-history/magazine/2017/09-10/Minoan_Crete/.


Muck, Otto. (1976). Minoans Civilizations and Atlantis. Retrieved from URL: http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/waymac/History%20A/A%20Term%202/3.%20%20Ancient%20Classical%20Greece/Atlantis.htm.

(1999-2008). The Minoans and the Ancient Legend. Retrieved from URL: http://www.historywiz.com/minoansatlantis.html.

Mycenaeans (history)

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Mycenaeans


     Mycenaean, a civilization that existed before the Christian religion. In ancient times, people believed in many Gods to explain the meaning of things. People would gather around the fire on some nights to talk about certain Gods or Goddesses that took care of things. Mycenaean, was one of the groups around who use to practice the same type of Christian story telling.

      Mycenaeans, would always worship some form of a woman God. They believed that women giving birth were the most important thing on Earth. They would hardly ever worship men Gods. The Mycenaeans believed in a snake God called “Mother Goddess.”She was known as the mother of all creation. According to some Minoan texts which worships the same God as Mycenaeans, the creator female God was also called "Earth Godess." She was believed to be the one who created men and women in human form. Statues of her, are made with nipple nudity and holding snakes close to her body.

      Women in the Mycenaean tribe were valued more than men. According to certain drawings, the men were never a majority of the group. The reason the men were not a majority is because some of the men were sacrificed yearly to serve the Earth Goddess and war.

      People were connected by a matrilineal society. Meaning, the women were the link to the family tree. The men did not have links to a family tree. The women would always be the one that connects a family.






Reference:


Cartwright, Mark. (2013, May 24). Mycenaean Civilization. https://www.ancient.eu/Mycenaean_Civilization/.


Pajo the Celt. (2016, Oct. 31). European Religion Before Christianity [Video File]. Retrieved from URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ym_m2Ijx4yM.


Witcombe, Christohper. (2018). Minoan Snake Goddess. Retrieved from URL: http://arthistoryresources.net/snakegoddess/minoanculture.html.

Saint Peter (history)(religion)

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Saint Peter:



     Saint Peter, known by others to be Simon Peter. Peter was a fishermen and traveled with his brother on fishing trips. He had a family to take care of and he had to pay taxes to the local harbor city. On the day he met Jesus, he was having a hard time catching fish. He would spend hours and hours hunting for fish. But, he wouldn't be able to find any. One day, Jesus came to the town looking to help people. Jesus was preaching to people who were willing to listen. Then he saw a boat with a fisherman. The fishermen was Peter.

     The fishermen was throwing a empty net out. The fishermen was greeted by Jesus and asked to head back out. Peter told Jesus that there was no fish in the water today. Jesus, did not believe in him so he told him to go back out there and I will help you bring in more fish. Peter throw the net out and was able to bring in a lot more fish. He became a follower of Jesus after that day.

      Later while traveling with Jesus, Peter decided to lie about being a disciple of Jesus. He decided to not tell the truth when people asked who he was. He decided that he was going to lie about it. He lied to people 3 times and a prophecy was told Peter would. After he betrayed Jesus three times, he decided to admit it to Jesus. Jesus forgave him for his lies.

      Jesus was betrayed again by another disciple and that disciple did not admit it to Jesus. Judas was the name of that person and he was punished. Jesus died months later and after he died the disciples of Jesus had a meeting. They were arguing on rather they should continue the religion or not. Peter, was the disciple to bring the other disciples together and make them continue the religion. He betrayed Jesus once, but he learned that some people do not deserve to be betrayed ever.





Reference:

https://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=5358

What is Drama? (philosophy)(literature)(history)

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What is Drama?



     Drama, means “action” according to Greek literature. Drama is connected to the script and the one reading the script in the 15th and 16th century. In modern times, it is still connected to that particular format in school plays and theater. The meaning of drama has changed over the past 500 years. Drama use to mean the written play that actors performed on stage. Actors would read the script and the action of an actor reading the script was the drama. Over time, drama has turned into something that means overcoming a hardship in regular life with possible action sequences. Many genres have been created since “Drama.” Drama was the first genre for play that is known on paper.

     During the 15th and 16th century, Drama performances were portrayed on stage for a large audience to see. It was called “theater.” Actors would say words that were written on script in front of an audience with a emotional tone. Some theaters would also play music or dance on stage to act out story scenes.

     After Christian religion spread to other parts of the world, morality was introduced to explain good and evil in plays. A hero was often portrayed trying to overcome some type of evil. Some characters in plays represented symbols that stood for different things. Some characters stood for mankind’s representation. Other characters, stood as pieces tot he story that made ideas more transparent tot he audience. There were people being represented as something evil. Later on, there were more scripts explaining different ideas and concepts. Drama in the end, is a written script that is meant to be acted out. For what purpose? It will depend what message the creator wants to be sent to the audience.





Reference:



Carroll, Heather. (2018). What is Drama?-Terms, Time Periods and Styles. Retrieved from URL: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-drama-terms-time-periods-and-styles.html.

What is Mystery (philosophy)(literature)

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What is Mystery?



     Mystery, a thing that is kept secret for reasons beyond our comprehension. Mysteries lurk somewhere deep in the world we see. Some we know and some we don’t know. In ancient times, there were certain messages and mysteries kept secret. Secrets that were buried away from the public eye. Some of these secrets are still hidden.

      Some mysteries contained great power and ancient leaders wanted to withhold that power from most people. They wanted to make sure the sub-humans could not obtain certain levels of power. Some mysteries had Mental power that could enlighten the mind. Power that could give humans personal awareness which would allow humans to know themselves. Power to uplift humans when they did something wrong or needed encouragement. Power to reach a higher level of power if a human was willing to follow certain directions. The ancient leaders believed in keeping power. They didn’t want to lose power of something that could give one an advantage.

     There was once ancient teaching stored in texts to teach humans about that spiritual origins and point of the universe. Now, knowledge of those mysteries are broken into pieces. Governments and leaders have decided to get rid of certain information to keep some unknown power. There is still breadcrumbs that exist today, but they are not as strong as the ancient texts. The source of the meaning of life has been scattered throughout the world and no one quite has the answer to that question.

     Mystery, the thing we search for to make life seem interesting or worth living. Mystery, the thing that contradicts everything that we know or want to learn in life. Mystery, the thing that will one day make us choose who is right and who is wrong by belief.







Reference:



McCannon, Tricia. (2018, May). What is a Mystery? Retrieved from URL: http://triciamccannonspeaks.com/what-is-a-mystery/.

What is Science Fiction? (Science)(literature)

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What is Science Fiction?


     Science Fiction, is the literature of change according to some writers around the world. Why? Science Fiction comes up with technology that does not exist. Technology that might be too abstract or too impossible to imagine. As time goes by, some science fiction technology will become nonfiction due to inventors creating strange things. Some inventors create things that were known as science fiction in the past. In a sense, science fiction changes the way the future unfolds. Some fiction concepts will change into reality over time.

     Science fiction is a concept that tries to differ from everyday life. Everyday life, refers to the things you see on the outside and reality T.V. You will often see things in science fiction books and movies that look strange. Some of the things do not appear to exist in modern times.

Science fiction is suppose to create a society that does not exist in the real world. Everything from the culture to the technology is suppose to be fictional. The rules and morality change in science fiction as well. What you think is supposed to happen does not always happen in a science fiction story. The good guy is sometimes the bad guy. Sometimes, there is no good and evil. Sometimes, the story is about the meaning of life. Sometimes, the science fiction story is about being lost in space. A science fiction story can be about anything and for any reason. Science fiction is always suppose to leave you on the fence of “which way.”

     For example, the 1960’s science fiction “The Twilight Zone” is a series that leaves you in the middle of “which way.” The series is about humans crossing over a light path that puts them in the twilight zone. Once they cross the light, anything can happen and nothing will make sense. Each story requires you to make up a reason for why it happened. The series wants you to realize that you are alive, but you need to figure out how to relate it to everything else. Series like The Twilight Zone is what science fiction was created to be. A genre where anything goes to find something that is impossible.





Reference:



Treitel, Richard. (2006). Definitions of What Science Fiction is And is Not. Retrieved from URL: http://www.treitel.org/Richard/sf/sf.html.

Major Role of Critical Theory (history)

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Major Roles of Critical Theory:



    Critical theory is the assumption that all knowledge is based on political nature (Friesen, 2008). This would include scientific knowledge, religion, lifestyle, and a basic way of life (Friesen, 2008). The theory assumes that humans based their knowledge on what interests them. If something does not interest them, they are less inclined to study what it is really about. In other words, humans only know what interest them. If something does not interest them, there is a high possibility they will not know about it.

    Knowledge is always changing and is based on what humans want to see. Also based on what they experienced in life (Friesen, 2008). Knowledge is never final on certain things (Friesen, 2008). Such as what a person should do with their life or what a person should believe in.

    Critical theory wants to find the knowledge that is final and find the knowledge that is objective. Knowledge that is capable for being universal. Knowledge that will act as social justice to human problems. "This is knowledge that presents itself as certain, final, and beyond human interests or motivations (Friesen, 2008)."





Reference:



Delahoyde, Michael. (2018). New Criticism. Retrieved from URL: https://public.wsu.edu/~delahoyd/new.crit.html.

Friesen, Norm. (2008, June). Critical Theory Ideology Critique And the Myths of E-Learning. Retrieved from URL: https://ubiquity.acm.org/article.cfm?id=1386860.

Lynn. S. (2011). Texts and contexts: Writing about literature with critical theory. (6thed.) Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

What is New Criticism (history)

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(Part 1):

In the 20th century, academic writing groups came up with the idea of New Criticism to stress a theory (2018). The theory was connected to literature and what was written (2018). The theory is mainly about treating literature as the only evidence you need and doing no research outside the article (2018). Everything that is needed to understand what is being said is written on the article or document itself. New Critics during the 201th century came up with this theory by believing that literature is something that is written on a document (2018). One does not need to look for outside information about the document because the document contained all the necessary data needed. New Critics believed that literature should be judged based on what is being said.